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Stomatologija 2010; 12 (4): 105-108 74 KB

Epidemiologic factors causing cleft lip and palate and their regularities of occurrence in Estonia

Triin Jagomagi, Marianne Soots, Mare Saag

Summary

Objectives. To study epidemiological factors causing development of cleft lip and palate and their occurrence regularities.

Materials and methods. This study included 583 cleft lip and palate patients and the information for statistical analyses was gathered from Tartu University Hospital.

Results. 19% of the patients had a cleft lip (CL), 39% of the patients had a cleft palate (CP), and 42 % of the patients had a cleft lip and palate (CLP). The ratio for different cleft types CL: CLP: CP was 1:2:2. In unilateral CLP and CL cases, the left side was affected 2.2 times more frequently than the right side. Boys had a CLP nearly 2.1 times more often than girls. CP was more common for girls (60%) than for boys (40%). 30% of children had multiple malformations. 2.6% of children with clefts were born premature, half of which had accompanying developmental anomalies. The average birth weight for cleft child was ~ 3400 grams. 6.8% of children with clefts had a birth weight below 2.5 kg.

In case of children with clefts, the mother’s age exceeded 30 years in 1/4 of cases and father’s age in 1/3 of cases. Both parents were older than 30 years in 66% of the cases. 1/5 of both parents were older than 30 years.

1/3 of mothers of children with clefts had suffered psychological stress, 1/5 of mothers had done hard physical work.

1/5 of mothers had an exposure to teratogenic toxic substances. 15% of them received medications during the first trimester of pregnancy.

15% of mothers had experienced hormonal disorders.

Conclusions. As a result of the study we found a high occurrence rate of CP (CL: CLP: CP – 1:2:2), which is similar to the studies conducted in Finland and Sweden. The reasons for this ratio need further research.

Key words: cleft lip and/or cleft palate, epidemiologic factors.

Received: 28 05 2009

Accepted for publishing: 28 12 2010

*Department of Stomatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia

Triin Jagomägi* – D.D.S; MSc

Marianne Soots* – D.D.S.

Mare Saag* – D.D.S; Ph.D, prof.

Address correspondence to Dr. Triin Jagomagi, Kastani 16, Tartu 50410, Estonia.

E-mail address: triin.jagomagi@ortodontia.ee



	Baltic Dental and Maxillofacial Journal

December, 2010, Vol. 12, No. 4 CONTENTS REVIEW Today’s understanding about bone aging Maris Grzibovskis, Mara Pilmane, Ilga Urtane 99-104 SCIENTIFIC ARTICLES Epidemiologic factors causing cleft lip and palate and their regularities of occurrence in Estonia Triin Jagomagi, Marianne Soots, Mare Saag 105-108 Analysis of the crown fractures and factors affecting pulp survival due to dental trauma Ilona Viduskalne, Ruta Care 109-115 Microflora of root filled teeth with apical periodontitis in Latvian patients Anda Mindere, Rita Kundzina, Vizma Nikolajeva, Daina Eze, Zaiga Petrina 116-121 CLINICAL CASE REPORTS An expanded odontogenic myxoma in maxilla Bruno Ramos Chrcanovic, Márcio Bruno Figueiredo do Amaral, Helenice de Andrade Marigo, Belini Freire-Maia 122-128 © 2010 Stomatologija		Stomatologija 2010; 12 (4): 105-108 74 KB Epidemiologic factors causing cleft lip and palate and their regularities of occurrence in Estonia Triin Jagomagi, Marianne Soots, Mare Saag Summary Objectives. To study epidemiological factors causing development of cleft lip and palate and their occurrence regularities. Materials and methods. This study included 583 cleft lip and palate patients and the information for statistical analyses was gathered from Tartu University Hospital. Results. 19% of the patients had a cleft lip (CL), 39% of the patients had a cleft palate (CP), and 42 % of the patients had a cleft lip and palate (CLP). The ratio for different cleft types CL: CLP: CP was 1:2:2. In unilateral CLP and CL cases, the left side was affected 2.2 times more frequently than the right side. Boys had a CLP nearly 2.1 times more often than girls. CP was more common for girls (60%) than for boys (40%). 30% of children had multiple malformations. 2.6% of children with clefts were born premature, half of which had accompanying developmental anomalies. The average birth weight for cleft child was ~ 3400 grams. 6.8% of children with clefts had a birth weight below 2.5 kg. In case of children with clefts, the mother’s age exceeded 30 years in 1/4 of cases and father’s age in 1/3 of cases. Both parents were older than 30 years in 66% of the cases. 1/5 of both parents were older than 30 years. 1/3 of mothers of children with clefts had suffered psychological stress, 1/5 of mothers had done hard physical work. 1/5 of mothers had an exposure to teratogenic toxic substances. 15% of them received medications during the first trimester of pregnancy. 15% of mothers had experienced hormonal disorders. Conclusions. As a result of the study we found a high occurrence rate of CP (CL: CLP: CP – 1:2:2), which is similar to the studies conducted in Finland and Sweden. The reasons for this ratio need further research. Key words: cleft lip and/or cleft palate, epidemiologic factors. Received: 28 05 2009 Accepted for publishing: 28 12 2010 Department of Stomatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia Triin Jagomägi – D.D.S; MSc Marianne Soots* – D.D.S. Mare Saag* – D.D.S; Ph.D, prof. Address correspondence to Dr. Triin Jagomagi, Kastani 16, Tartu 50410, Estonia. E-mail address: triin.jagomagi@ortodontia.ee