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Stomatologija 2021; 23 (4): 114-20 291 KB

Simvastatin in polymer bioscaffold for bone regeneration. An in vitro and in vivo analysis

Swati Gupta¹, Pratibha Gopalkrishna¹, Usha Yogendra Nayak², Kishore Ginjupalli³, Thayyil Sivaraman Hrishi⁴, Chetana Chandrashekar⁵, Raghu A R⁵, Pallavi K⁶, Lakshmi P¹

Summary

Objective. The study aimed to fabricate and test the biocompatibility of a polylactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) based guided tissue regeneration membrane impregnated with 'simvastatin' to promote sustained drug delivery near osseous defects and evaluate the regenerative potential of the membrane histologically.

Materials and methods. We tested the mechanical properties and cytotoxicity of an indigenously fabricated PLGA membrane incorporated with simvastatin (1 mg/cm2). An animal study evaluated the regenerative potential of the membrane. Twenty-four adult Wistar rats, approximately 175 g in weight, were used in this study. The rats were divided randomly into four groups based on the postoperative healing periods into ten days, 1, 3, and 6 months. Within each time group, six rats were divided into three subgroups: Subgroup A – sham surgery controls; Subgroup B – PLGA without Simvastatin; Subgroup C – PLGA with simvastatin tests. The radiographic examination intervals were ten days, 1 and 3 months, while the histological assessment was around 1, 3, and 6 months.

Results. Simvastatin content was distributed uniformly in all the prepared membranes and was equivalent to 1 mg/cm². 100 mg PLGA membrane with simvastatin demonstrated uniform drug release over time, excellent mechanical properties, and biocompatibility. The rat models in Subgroup C had better bone tissue formation radiographically and histologically.

Conclusion. The study suggested that 'PLGA with Simvastatin' has the requisite properties to serve as a third-generation barrier membrane with the potential for local drug delivery.

Key words: barrier membrane, local drug delivery, polymer, regeneration, simvastatin.

Received: 08 02 2021

Accepted for publishing: 20 12 2021

¹Department of Periodontology, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, India

²Department. of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, India

³Department of Dental Materials, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, India

⁴Department of Periodontics, Government Dental College, Kozhikode, Kerala, India

⁵Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal

⁶Department of Pharmaceutics, Yenepoya Pharmacy College and Research Centre, Yenepoya University, Mangalore, Karnataka, India

Address correspondence to Pratibha Gopalkrishna, Dept. of Periodontology, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, India.

E-mail address: pratibha.pk@manipal.edu



	Baltic Dental and Maxillofacial Journal

December, 2021, Vol. 23, No. 4 CONTENTS REVIEW Arthrocentesis techniques used in the treatment of temporomandibular disorders: Literature review Riina Gudova, Ülle Voog-Oras, Oksana Ivask 95-100 SCIENTIFIC ARTICLES The impact of COVID-19 pandemic on patient satisfaction and clinical outcomes after treatment of odontogenic cysts with decompression followed by surgery Aydin Ozkan, Sara Samur Erguven, Gurkan Rasit Bayar, Metin Sencimen 101 -105 REVIEW Orthodontic canine substitution vs. implant-supported prosthetic replacement for maxillary permanent lateral incisor agenesis: A systematic review Justina Šikšnelytė, Raimonda Guntulytė, Kristina Lopatienė 106 -113 SCIENTIFIC ARTICLES Simvastatin in polymer bioscaffold for bone regeneration. An in vitro and in vivo analysis Swati Gupta, Pratibha Gopalkrishna, Usha Yogendra Nayak, Kishore Ginjupalli, Thayyil Sivaraman Hrishi, Chetana Chandrashekar, Raghu A R, Pallavi K, Lakshmi P 114-120 © 2022 Stomatologija		Stomatologija 2021; 23 (4): 114-20 291 KB Simvastatin in polymer bioscaffold for bone regeneration. An in vitro and in vivo analysis Swati Gupta¹, Pratibha Gopalkrishna¹, Usha Yogendra Nayak², Kishore Ginjupalli³, Thayyil Sivaraman Hrishi⁴, Chetana Chandrashekar⁵, Raghu A R⁵, Pallavi K⁶, Lakshmi P¹ Summary Objective. The study aimed to fabricate and test the biocompatibility of a polylactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) based guided tissue regeneration membrane impregnated with 'simvastatin' to promote sustained drug delivery near osseous defects and evaluate the regenerative potential of the membrane histologically. Materials and methods. We tested the mechanical properties and cytotoxicity of an indigenously fabricated PLGA membrane incorporated with simvastatin (1 mg/cm2). An animal study evaluated the regenerative potential of the membrane. Twenty-four adult Wistar rats, approximately 175 g in weight, were used in this study. The rats were divided randomly into four groups based on the postoperative healing periods into ten days, 1, 3, and 6 months. Within each time group, six rats were divided into three subgroups: Subgroup A – sham surgery controls; Subgroup B – PLGA without Simvastatin; Subgroup C – PLGA with simvastatin tests. The radiographic examination intervals were ten days, 1 and 3 months, while the histological assessment was around 1, 3, and 6 months. Results. Simvastatin content was distributed uniformly in all the prepared membranes and was equivalent to 1 mg/cm². 100 mg PLGA membrane with simvastatin demonstrated uniform drug release over time, excellent mechanical properties, and biocompatibility. The rat models in Subgroup C had better bone tissue formation radiographically and histologically. Conclusion. The study suggested that 'PLGA with Simvastatin' has the requisite properties to serve as a third-generation barrier membrane with the potential for local drug delivery. Key words: barrier membrane, local drug delivery, polymer, regeneration, simvastatin. Received: 08 02 2021 Accepted for publishing: 20 12 2021 ¹Department of Periodontology, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, India ²Department. of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, India ³Department of Dental Materials, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, India ⁴Department of Periodontics, Government Dental College, Kozhikode, Kerala, India ⁵Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal ⁶Department of Pharmaceutics, Yenepoya Pharmacy College and Research Centre, Yenepoya University, Mangalore, Karnataka, India Address correspondence to Pratibha Gopalkrishna, Dept. of Periodontology, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, India. E-mail address: pratibha.pk@manipal.edu