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Stomatologija 2016; 18 (3): 98-104 1015 KB

Immunohistochemical analysis of nestin, CD34 and TGFβ3 in facial tissue of children with complete unilateral and bilateral cleft lip and palate

Liene Smane-Filipova^{1, 2}, Mara Pilmane¹, Ilze Akota³

Summary

Objective. This study aimed to evaluate levels of expression of nestin, CD34 and transforming growth factor β3 (TGFβ3) in facial tissue of children with complete unilateral (CU) and complete bilateral (CB) cleft lip and palate (CLP).
Materials and Methods. Twenty–nine CLP patients were enrolled in this study (18 boys and 11 girls). Tissue samples were collected during primary and repeated plastic surgery correction for CU (n=10) or CB (n=19) cleft palate (age range 3 months – 9 years, 6 months). Immunohistochemistry was used to assess levels of nestin, CD34 and TGFβ3. Positively stained cells were graded semi-quantitatively. Data were analyzed to compare cell counts between CUCLP and CBCLP, and CLP at an age before and during primary dentition and CLP in mixed dentition age patients using the Mann Whitney U-test (P<0.05).
Results. Moderate to abundant numbers of nestin immunoreactive structures were observed in the oral mucosa. CD34 antibodies labeled all microvessels in lamina propria of the CLP affected tissue, while low numbers of TGFβ3 positive cells were scattered in the connective tissue. There were no statistically significant differences between the study groups.
Conclusion. Expression of nestin in complete unilateral and bilateral cleft lip and palate affected soft tissue indicates a potential increase of tissue regeneration. CD34 positive oral mucosa cells suggest increased angiogenesis, while the sporadic expression of TGFβ3 indicates an insignificant role in the maintenance and growth of cleft affected oral mucosa stem or progenitor cells. Nevertheless, scarce expression of TGFβ3 suggests a role in cleft morphopathogenesis.

Key words: cleft lip and palate, CD34, nestin, transforming growth factor β3, inflammation, wound healing.

Received: 20 08 2015

Accepted for publishing: 26 09 2016

¹Institute of Anatomy and Anthropology, Department of Morphology, Riga Stradins University, Riga, Latvia

²Department of Pediatrics, Riga Stradins University, Riga, Latvia

³Institute of Stomatology, Riga Stradins University, Riga, Latvia

Address correspondence to Liene Smane-Filipova, Riga Stradins University, Dzirciema Street 16, Riga LV 1007, Latvia.

E-mail address: Liene.Smane-Filipova@rsu.lv



	Baltic Dental and Maxillofacial Journal

September, 2016, Vol. 18, No. 3 CONTENTS SCIENTIFIC ARTICLES Stress experience and effect on self-perceived oral health status among high school students Kristina Arman, Adelė Petruninaitė, Rūta Grigalauskienė, Eglė Slabšinskienė 75-79 The golden proportion in facial soft-tissues of Vietnamese females Minh Son Nguyen, Mare Saag, Van Nho Le, Thuy Trang Nguyen, Bui Bao Tien Nguyen, Triin Jagomägi 80-85 Evaluation of bone mineral density in postmenopausal women with alterations of the mandible cortical bone Estera Miliuniene, Vidmantas Alekna, Vytaute Peciuliene, Marija Tamulaitiene 86-91 The appearance of root canal surfaces in teeth previously treated using resorcinol-formaldehyde resin: a preliminary SEM investigation Egle Nedzinskiene, Saulius Drukteinis, Vytaute Peciuliene, Rasmute Maneliene 92-97 Immunohistochemical analysis of nestin, CD34 and TGFβ3 in facial tissue of children with complete unilateral and bilateral cleft lip and palate Liene Smane-Filipova, Mara Pilmane, Ilze Akota 98-104 © 2016 Stomatologija		Stomatologija 2016; 18 (3): 98-104 1015 KB Immunohistochemical analysis of nestin, CD34 and TGFβ3 in facial tissue of children with complete unilateral and bilateral cleft lip and palate Liene Smane-Filipova^{1, 2}, Mara Pilmane¹, Ilze Akota³ Summary Objective. This study aimed to evaluate levels of expression of nestin, CD34 and transforming growth factor β3 (TGFβ3) in facial tissue of children with complete unilateral (CU) and complete bilateral (CB) cleft lip and palate (CLP). Materials and Methods. Twenty–nine CLP patients were enrolled in this study (18 boys and 11 girls). Tissue samples were collected during primary and repeated plastic surgery correction for CU (n=10) or CB (n=19) cleft palate (age range 3 months – 9 years, 6 months). Immunohistochemistry was used to assess levels of nestin, CD34 and TGFβ3. Positively stained cells were graded semi-quantitatively. Data were analyzed to compare cell counts between CUCLP and CBCLP, and CLP at an age before and during primary dentition and CLP in mixed dentition age patients using the Mann Whitney U-test (P<0.05). Results. Moderate to abundant numbers of nestin immunoreactive structures were observed in the oral mucosa. CD34 antibodies labeled all microvessels in lamina propria of the CLP affected tissue, while low numbers of TGFβ3 positive cells were scattered in the connective tissue. There were no statistically significant differences between the study groups. Conclusion. Expression of nestin in complete unilateral and bilateral cleft lip and palate affected soft tissue indicates a potential increase of tissue regeneration. CD34 positive oral mucosa cells suggest increased angiogenesis, while the sporadic expression of TGFβ3 indicates an insignificant role in the maintenance and growth of cleft affected oral mucosa stem or progenitor cells. Nevertheless, scarce expression of TGFβ3 suggests a role in cleft morphopathogenesis. Key words: cleft lip and palate, CD34, nestin, transforming growth factor β3, inflammation, wound healing. Received: 20 08 2015 Accepted for publishing: 26 09 2016 ¹Institute of Anatomy and Anthropology, Department of Morphology, Riga Stradins University, Riga, Latvia ²Department of Pediatrics, Riga Stradins University, Riga, Latvia ³Institute of Stomatology, Riga Stradins University, Riga, Latvia Address correspondence to Liene Smane-Filipova, Riga Stradins University, Dzirciema Street 16, Riga LV 1007, Latvia. E-mail address: Liene.Smane-Filipova@rsu.lv